W9 Research Methods

> Independent variable is the variable that is supposed to be changing the dependent.
>IV is given a treatment (manipulated) and DV is not.

Types of measurement:
  • nominal is the simplest scale, to name and categorize, personality, gender, etc.
  • ordinal have to remain in order
  • interval has temperature because there has to be equal distance between each number
  • ratio has absolute zero
reliability = consistency of results
validity = construct validity means are measurements adequately measuring the construct

*use incomplete with large numbers

  • Main effect: separate influence of one IV on DV from other IVs
  • Factorial design: Two or more independent variables are studied to determine their separate and joint effects on the dependent variable
  • Cell: Combination of levels of two or more independent variables
  • Marginal mean: The average score of all participants receiving one level of an independent variable
  • Cell mean: The average score of the participants in a single cell
  • Interaction effect: When the effect of two or more IVs on the DV is more complex than indicated by the main effects
  • You have multiple IVs and each IV has different levels. You will combine the different levels of each IV to see the effects on the DV. For example DV being driving performance. IV1 caffeine consumption and IV2 is sleep deprivation. You have different levels of IV1 being low, medium or high and IV2 of not deprived and deprived. Match them together like low caffeine while feeling sleep deprived and see the changes on the driving performance versus the difference when you combine High levels of caffeine and not sleep deprived.

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