Trying to Be Consistent

 Week 5:

Math 108

The mean is more commonly referred to as the average. It is good for summarizing the center of values that are generally very similar to each other.

The median is the middle number in a list of numbers that is sorted from smallest to largest. It is good for summarizing the center of values where most of the values are similar but some are dramatically higher (or lower) than the rest.

The mode is the value that occurs most often in a list of numbers. It is good for summarizing data that only has a few distinct values that are possible.

The standard deviation is a summary of how much values vary from the mean of a set of data. When the values are all very close to the mean, the standard deviation is small. When the values vary dramatically from the mean, the standard deviation is large.

*Formula for Excel: stdev(highlight data)

Example 5

Consider the following two sets of data: a) all the daily high temperatures in 2016 in Honolulu, Hawaii, or b) all the daily high temperatures in 2016 in Rexburg, Idaho. Which set of data would have a larger standard deviation? Explain.

Solution
We know that the temperature in Hawaii is pretty similar all year long. But the temperature in Idaho varies a lot. In the summer the high temperature in Rexburg might be 95°F while in the winter the high temperature might only be -10°F.

During 2016, the average annual temperature in Honolulu, Hawaii was 84.09°F and the standard deviation was 2.97°F. The warmest days of the year were July 14 and August 12, 2016. On both of those days the high temperature was 91°F. The coldest day of the year was December 30th when the high temperature was 75°F. 4

During 2016, the average annual temperature in Rexburg, Idaho was 57.33°F with a standard deviation of 22°F. The warmest day of the year was August 2, 2016 when the high temperature was 95°F. The coldest day of the year, however, was on December 17th when the high temperature was only 4°F.5

If we compare the standard deviations for Honolulu and Rexburg, we see that Honolulu’s standard deviation of 2.97°F is much smaller than Rexburg’s standard deviation of 22°F. This tells us the temperatures in Honolulu are usually much closer to the average when compared to the temperatures in Rexburg that vary a lot from the average.

A percentile measures the percentage of values that are the same as or less than the specified value. They are typically used to measure the performance of an individual with respect to their peers.

  • type the command =PERCENTILE( in a blank cell
  • highlight the data you are interested in
  • type a comma , and the desired percentile as a decimal like 0.9
  • finish by typing the closing parentheses ) and pressing Enter or return.

 Context is very important to consider when looking at percentiles. Being at the 5th percentile might be good, it might be bad, and it might not be significant at all. It really just depends on the situation. You should never consider a percentile without looking at the related context.

Example 6

Juan took a standardized test and then was told that he scored at the 82nd percentile. Interpret what the percentile means.

Solution

Knowing that Juan’s score was at the 82nd percentile helps us understand how he scored compared to the other students who took the standardized test. We know he scored as well or better than 82% of all the people who took the test. This means 18% of students who took the test scored better than Juan did. Juan’s percentile score does not tell us his actual score on the exam. It only tells us what percentage of students he scored higher than (or the same as).


  • Questions you should ask your tutor:
    • What am I not understanding?
    • What concept am I missing?
    • How do I start this problem?
    • What’s the next step?
  • Questions you should not ask your tutor:
    • What am I doing wrong?
    • How do I do this?

Jesus Christ And The Everlasting Gospel

“What is the Abrahamic covenant?”
Basically Abraham received the covenant or promise that He made with "the fathers" (aka Adam, Enoch, etc.). In Abraham chapters one and two and Genesis chapters 12 and 17, we learn that the promises and the responsibilities of the Abrahamic covenant were sought for and applied long before Abraham,Abraham was told that his children would be numerous, entitled to an eternal increase, and bear the priesthood. Furthermore, Jesus would be born through Abraham's lineage, all the nations of the earth would be blessed by Abraham's children and certain lands would be inherited by Abraham's children. 

"How does an understanding of the Abrahamic covenant relate to my understanding and appreciation of Father’s plan and Jesus Christ and His everlasting gospel?

When we understand who we are and what our history is, then we better understand what our responsibilities are, here on earth.

According to S. Michael Wilcox, ("The Abrahamic Covenant," Ensign, 1998) "...when we are granted the fullness of the gospel and when we actively participate in both missionary and temple work, we are fulfilling the Abrahamic covenant to its fullest."

I certainly feel like my understanding of the Abrahamic covenant has increased which makes me feel both grateful and motivated to share the gift of the gospel.


"What are the obligations and blessings of the Abrahamic covenant?"

First of all, if you want to receive any of the promised blessings of the Abrahamic covenant then you are obligated to be worthy to receive them. We know that those who hold the priesthood would be accounted Abraham’s seed (see Abr. 2:11 (Links to an external site.)). So that one is both a blessing and an obligation. Furthermore, you are obligated to be obedient. If you meet the obligations then you can enjoy all the blessings like protection and eternal increase.


"Why would God make this covenant at this time of the earth’s history and with this individual (Abraham)?"

From S. Michael Wilcox talk, The Abrahamic Covenant, I learned that “...he was actually the inheritor of promises, passed down through the lineage of his fathers, that began with Adam.“ So I think that Abraham was just commanded to write down the blessing that he was inheriting. All I know is that God knew when the timing would be ideal and He had already chosen Abraham to receive it even before he was born. God said, "...Abraham...thou wast chosen before thou wast born." (Abraham 3:23)


describe a fundamental principle a person should understand in order to have an accurate understanding of the Abrahamic covenant as related to the Savior and His everlasting gospel. (S. Michael Wilcox, "The Abrahamic Covenant," Ensign, 1998)

The most important fundamental principle a person can understand in relation to the Abrahamic covenant is the opportunity of eternal increase. It changes your perspective which changes the way you act and think which changes the decisions you make.


Teach A Friend:

    My Grandmother and I enjoy watching talks together and having discussions about what is being taught.

As we watched Covenants by M. Russell Nelson, I learned that she has a deep appreciation for the

Abrahamic Covenant. This made me realize that I take the Abrahamic Covenant for granted in my own life

which prompted me to ask questions that we both learned from. For instance, I asked how the Abrahamic

Covenant applies to her son that left the church and she did not know the answer. Now we both know what

we do not know.

    Each week as I attempt to verbalize what I learned, I gain a deeper understanding of what I read. I had

an especially difficult time teaching what I had read this week because there was a lot that I didn't know

the answers to. My discussion with my Grandmother was nice because I felt like there was a lot of

content that we learned about together.


Marriage and Family


Points to Ponder

  1. Who gave the devotional, "I Will Not Remove Mine Integrity from Me"? What "self-evaluation" did he suggest we use after hearing President Tanner's counsel? How does he define integrity and honesty? How does this apply to careers in family science?
  2. You've signed the Family Life Educators Code of Ethics and worked on an analysis of a case study. How can these guidelines potentially help a professional in the family sciences deal with challenging and difficult ethical dilemmas?
  2. Before watching Brother Gardner's "Ethics" video:
    • Think about what would be some ethical issues that you may find in this field. Write them down.
    • Now, think what course of action would you take to solve those issues in the more ethical way. Write those down too.
    • Watch the video. Would change your course of action after watching the video?


      (30:32 mins, Ethics Lecture Transcript (Links to an external site.))

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